CVE-2025-27233

NTLMv2 hash disclosure via smartctl argument injection

Published Sep 12, 2025 · Updated Sep 12, 2025

Argument injection in the Zabbix Agent 2 smartctl plugin allows attackers to leak NTLMv2 hashes from Windows systems via crafted metric requests. The smart.disk.get handler insufficiently sanitizes item parameters before passing them as unexpected smartctl command arguments. Exploitation requires adjacent-network access, high privileges, and an affected Windows Agent 2 instance; the bounded impact is credential-hash disclosure.

CVSS severity5.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Argument injection in the Zabbix Agent 2 smartctl plugin allows attackers to leak NTLMv2 hashes from Windows systems via crafted metric requests. The smart.disk.get handler insufficiently sanitizes item parameters before passing them as unexpected smartctl command arguments. Exploitation requires adjacent-network access, high privileges, and an affected Windows Agent 2 instance; the bounded impact is credential-hash disclosure.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-27233
Published
Sep 12, 2025
Updated
Sep 12, 2025
Vendor
Zabbix
Product
Zabbix
Classifications
CWE-77, CAPEC-88, T1187
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 12, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 12, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.0.0 <=6.0.39 changes=[{"at":"6.0.40","status":"unaffected"}]
  2. Affected versionversion=7.0.0 <=7.0.10 changes=[{"at":"7.0.11","status":"unaffected"}]
  3. Affected versionversion=7.2.0 <=7.2.4 changes=[{"at":"7.2.5","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Zabbix · Zabbixversion=6.0.0 <=6.0.39 changes=[{"at":"6.0.40","status":"unaffected"}]; version=7.0.0 <=7.0.10 changes=[{"at":"7.0.11","status":"unaffected"}]; version=7.2.0 <=7.2.4 changes=[{"at":"7.2.5","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

5.7ZabbixCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
CAPEC-88OS Command Injection
T1187Forced Authentication

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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