Credential disclosure via retained userinfo after host replacement
Published Mar 3, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025
Information disclosure in Ruby URI allows attackers to expose credentials through host-replacing join and merge operations. URI.join, URI#merge, and URI#+ retain the original URI userinfo after substituting a new host, embedding credentials in the resulting URL. Exposure requires application code to combine a credential-bearing base URI with an attacker-controlled host and then access or disclose the generated URL.
Summary
What happened
Information disclosure in Ruby URI allows attackers to expose credentials through host-replacing join and merge operations. URI.join, URI#merge, and URI#+ retain the original URI userinfo after substituting a new host, embedding credentials in the resulting URL. Exposure requires application code to combine a credential-bearing base URI with an attacker-controlled host and then access or disclose the generated URL.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-27221
- Published
- Mar 3, 2025
- Updated
- Nov 3, 2025
- Vendor
- Ruby
- Product
- URI
- Classifications
- CWE-200, CWE-212
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Mar 3, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=0 <0.11.3
- Affected versionversion=0.12.0 <0.12.4
- Affected versionversion=0.13.0 <0.13.2
- Affected versionversion=1.0.0 <1.0.3
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
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Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
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Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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