CVE-2025-27105Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Out-of-bounds write through stale DynArray target

Published Feb 21, 2025 · Updated Feb 22, 2025

Out-of-bounds write in Vyper before 0.4.1 allows attackers to corrupt a compiled contract's DynArray state through crafted AugAssign code. The compiler caches the indexed target before evaluating a right-hand expression that shrinks the array, then writes through that stale location without repeating the bounds check. Reachability requires a compiled contract containing this specific target-and-RHS pattern; the write remains within the array object's allocated storage.

CVSS severity2.3
Low
EPSS probability0.57%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds write in Vyper before 0.4.1 allows attackers to corrupt a compiled contract's DynArray state through crafted AugAssign code. The compiler caches the indexed target before evaluating a right-hand expression that shrinks the array, then writes through that stale location without repeating the bounds check. Reachability requires a compiled contract containing this specific target-and-RHS pattern; the write remains within the array object's allocated storage.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-27105
Published
Feb 21, 2025
Updated
Feb 22, 2025
Vendor
Vyper
Product
Vyper
Classifications
CWE-787
Attack vector
network
Privileges
Unavailable

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 22, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 0.4.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesUnavailable in this record.

What is affected?

Vyper · Vyperversion=< 0.4.1

Published CVSS scores

9.1CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
2.3GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
PrivilegesUnavailable
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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