CVE-2025-26794Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Remote SQL injection via unescaped SQLite key

Published Feb 21, 2025 · Updated Dec 18, 2025

SQL injection in Exim 4.98 before 4.98.1 allows remote attackers to execute SQLite statements through serialized ETRN requests. The SQLite hints database path interpolates an ETRN-derived semaphore key into a quoted SQL statement without escaping single quotes. Exposure requires SQLite hints, an acl_smtp_etrn result of accept, and ETRN serialization; injected statements can alter accessible SQLite databases or interrupt service.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability77.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SQL injection in Exim 4.98 before 4.98.1 allows remote attackers to execute SQLite statements through serialized ETRN requests. The SQLite hints database path interpolates an ETRN-derived semaphore key into a quoted SQL statement without escaping single quotes. Exposure requires SQLite hints, an acl_smtp_etrn result of accept, and ETRN serialization; injected statements can alter accessible SQLite databases or interrupt service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-26794
Published
Feb 21, 2025
Updated
Dec 18, 2025
Vendor
LibSPF2 Project
Product
Exim
Classifications
CWE-89, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=4.98 <4.98.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

LibSPF2 Project · Eximversion=4.98 <4.98.1

Published CVSS scores

9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5MITRECVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-89Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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