Root shell access via unprotected serial bootloader
Published Feb 11, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025
Improper access control in Wattsense Bridge before 6.4.1 allows physically proximate attackers to obtain a root shell through PCB serial pins. The exposed 3.3 V UART header accepts a key during startup, enters U-Boot, and permits boot arguments to be changed so Linux starts /bin/sh as root. Exploitation requires opening the enclosure, reaching the PCB, and attaching a serial adapter; root access permits persistent account and device-behavior changes.
Summary
What happened
Improper access control in Wattsense Bridge before 6.4.1 allows physically proximate attackers to obtain a root shell through PCB serial pins. The exposed 3.3 V UART header accepts a key during startup, enters U-Boot, and permits boot arguments to be changed so Linux starts /bin/sh as root. Exploitation requires opening the enclosure, reaching the PCB, and attaching a serial adapter; root access permits persistent account and device-behavior changes.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-26409
- Published
- Feb 11, 2025
- Updated
- Nov 3, 2025
- Vendor
- Wattsense
- Product
- Wattsense Bridge
- Classifications
- CWE-1191, CWE-1299, T1200
- Attack vector
- physical
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Feb 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=0 <6.4.1
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- SEC Consult serial bootloader root-shell proof of conceptfunctional · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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