CVE-2025-25734Public exploit

Physical code execution via unauthenticated EFI shell

Published Aug 26, 2025 · Updated Oct 22, 2025

Improper access control in Kapsch RIS-9160 and RIS-9260 firmware allows physically proximate attackers to execute unsigned code at boot. Secure Boot is disabled, so the BIOS accepts unsigned bootloaders and OS kernels, while the boot menu exposes an unauthenticated Internal Shell. Physical access to open the unit and attach a keyboard and microSD card is required; the shell can copy and modify the embedded OS for persistent control.

CVSS severity6.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper access control in Kapsch RIS-9160 and RIS-9260 firmware allows physically proximate attackers to execute unsigned code at boot. Secure Boot is disabled, so the BIOS accepts unsigned bootloaders and OS kernels, while the boot menu exposes an unauthenticated Internal Shell. Physical access to open the unit and attach a keyboard and microSD card is required; the shell can copy and modify the embedded OS for persistent control.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-25734
Published
Aug 26, 2025
Updated
Oct 22, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-1233, CWE-284, T1542.003
Attack vector
physical
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 22, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorphysical
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

6.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorphysical
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1233Security-Sensitive Hardware Controls with Missing Lock Bit Protection
CWE-284Improper Access Control
T1542.003Pre-OS Boot: Bootkit

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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