CVE-2025-25286Network attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via Authorization header interpolation

Published Feb 13, 2025 · Updated Feb 13, 2025

Command injection in Islandora Crayfish before 4.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute code through Homarus's /convert endpoint. HomarusController::convert interpolates the unvalidated Authorization header into a single FFmpeg command string that the command service executes. Exploitation requires network access to /convert and a configuration that lets an invalid Authorization header reach the CLI invocation; successful requests run commands with the Homarus service's privileges.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.02%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in Islandora Crayfish before 4.1.0 allows remote attackers to execute code through Homarus's /convert endpoint. HomarusController::convert interpolates the unvalidated Authorization header into a single FFmpeg command string that the command service executes. Exploitation requires network access to /convert and a configuration that lets an invalid Authorization header reach the CLI invocation; successful requests run commands with the Homarus service's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-25286
Published
Feb 13, 2025
Updated
Feb 13, 2025
Vendor
Islandora
Product
Crayfish
Classifications
CWE-150, CWE-157, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 4.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Islandora · Crayfishversion=< 4.1.0

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-150Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences
CWE-157Failure to Sanitize Paired Delimiters
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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