Unauthenticated SQL execution via unsanitized Bearer token
Published Jul 17, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026
SQL injection in Fortinet FortiWeb allows remote attackers to execute unauthorized SQL via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests. The GUI's get_fabric_user_by_token() function incorporates the Authorization Bearer token into a database query without neutralizing SQL metacharacters. No authentication or user interaction is required; injected queries can write files through SELECT INTO OUTFILE and lead to command execution.
Summary
What happened
SQL injection in Fortinet FortiWeb allows remote attackers to execute unauthorized SQL via crafted HTTP or HTTPS requests. The GUI's get_fabric_user_by_token() function incorporates the Authorization Bearer token into a database query without neutralizing SQL metacharacters. No authentication or user interaction is required; injected queries can write files through SELECT INTO OUTFILE and lead to command execution.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-25257
- Published
- Jul 17, 2025
- Updated
- Feb 26, 2026
- Vendor
- Fortinet
- Product
- FortiWeb
- Classifications
- CWE-89, T1190
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jul 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=7.0.0 <=7.0.10
- Affected versionversion=7.2.0 <=7.2.10
- Affected versionversion=7.4.0 <=7.4.7
- Affected versionversion=7.6.0 <=7.6.3
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
View daily counts
| Reporting day | Unique IPs |
|---|---|
| Sep 10, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 11, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 12, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 13, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 14, 2026 | 2 |
| Sep 15, 2026 | Unavailable |
| Sep 16, 2026 | 2 |
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- FortiWeb pre-auth SQLi-to-RCE proof of conceptfunctional · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Reported exploitation
- CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog inclusionknown exploited catalog
- Fortinet observed active exploitationreported exploitation
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
Check the software in your environment
Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.
Book a demo