CVE-2025-24367Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated code execution via RRDtool newline injection

Published Jan 27, 2025 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

Improper input validation in Cacti 1.2.28 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code through graph creation and templates. rrd_function_process_graph_options() passes attacker-controlled switch values through cacti_escapeshellarg(), which leaves carriage returns and line feeds intact, letting injected lines become separate RRDtool commands. Graph-management access and a web root writable by the RRDtool process are required; successful exploitation writes executable PHP content and runs it through the web server.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability54.02%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper input validation in Cacti 1.2.28 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute code through graph creation and templates. rrd_function_process_graph_options() passes attacker-controlled switch values through cacti_escapeshellarg(), which leaves carriage returns and line feeds intact, letting injected lines become separate RRDtool commands. Graph-management access and a web root writable by the RRDtool process are required; successful exploitation writes executable PHP content and runs it through the web server.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-24367
Published
Jan 27, 2025
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
The Cacti Group
Product
Cacti
Classifications
CWE-144, T1190, T1505.003
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=<= 1.2.28

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Cacti Group · Cactiversion=<= 1.2.28

Published CVSS scores

8.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7GitHub, Inc.CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-144Improper Neutralization of Line Delimiters
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application
T1505.003Web Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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