Arbitrary file clearing via NTFS handle swap
Published Jul 18, 2025 · Updated Jul 18, 2025
TOCTOU race conditions in ESET security products for Windows allow local users to clear arbitrary file contents through NTFS handle swaps. After ESET detects a file with a duplicate name, its clearing step acts on a handle that can be swapped after validation and before use. Low-privileged code execution and active timing of the race on an NTFS volume are required; successful exploitation destroys the chosen file's contents without disclosing data.
Summary
What happened
TOCTOU race conditions in ESET security products for Windows allow local users to clear arbitrary file contents through NTFS handle swaps. After ESET detects a file with a duplicate name, its clearing step acts on a handle that can be swapped after validation and before use. Low-privileged code execution and active timing of the race on an NTFS volume are required; successful exploitation destroys the chosen file's contents without disclosing data.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-2425
- Published
- Jul 18, 2025
- Updated
- Jul 18, 2025
- Vendor
- ESET
- Product
- ESET Smart Security Premium
- Classifications
- CWE-367, CAPEC-233, T1485
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Jul 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Jul 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=0 <=18.1.13.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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