CVE-2025-23968Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Administrator code execution via post-validation extension rename

Published Jul 3, 2025 · Updated May 12, 2026

Unrestricted file upload in WebFactory Ltd AiBud WP 1.9 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute PHP code. The create_attachment callback validates a fetched image, then renames it from the filename parameter without revalidating the extension, permitting .php files in the uploads directory. Administrator-level access is required; executing the resulting web shell grants command execution in the web server context.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability0.43%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unrestricted file upload in WebFactory Ltd AiBud WP 1.9 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute PHP code. The create_attachment callback validates a fetched image, then renames it from the filename parameter without revalidating the extension, permitting .php files in the uploads directory. Administrator-level access is required; executing the resulting web shell grants command execution in the web server context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-23968
Published
Jul 3, 2025
Updated
May 12, 2026
Vendor
WebFactory Ltd
Product
AiBud WP
Classifications
CWE-434, CAPEC-650, T1505.003
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 3, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 12, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.9

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

WebFactory Ltd · AiBud WPversion=0 <=1.9

Published CVSS scores

9.1PatchstackCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CAPEC-650Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
T1505.003Server Software Component: Web Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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