CVE-2025-23281

Local code execution via race-triggered use-after-free

Published Aug 2, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Use-after-free in the NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows allows local users to execute code by winning a driver race condition. NVIDIA identifies the locus only as the Windows GPU display driver and does not disclose which object is freed or which racing operations access it. Local unprivileged access is required; success can also escalate privileges, alter or disclose data, or interrupt the system.

CVSS severity7.0
High
EPSS probability0.16%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows allows local users to execute code by winning a driver race condition. NVIDIA identifies the locus only as the Windows GPU display driver and does not disclose which object is freed or which racing operations access it. Local unprivileged access is required; success can also escalate privileges, alter or disclose data, or interrupt the system.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-23281
Published
Aug 2, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
DPDK Project
Product
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver
Classifications
CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 2, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=R535, R570, R575

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

DPDK Project · NVIDIA GPU Display Driverversion=R535, R570, R575

Published CVSS scores

7.0NVIDIACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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