CVE-2025-23184Network attack vector

Service interruption via unclosed temporary streams

Published Jan 21, 2025 · Updated Dec 15, 2025

Resource exhaustion in affected Apache CXF releases allows remote attackers to interrupt servers or clients through large streamed messages. Edge paths leave CachedOutputStream or derived streams unclosed after content is spooled above the memory threshold, retaining their temporary files. The condition requires file-backed caching, and retained files can fill the temporary filesystem, disrupting the hosting process and neighboring services.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability2.13%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Resource exhaustion in affected Apache CXF releases allows remote attackers to interrupt servers or clients through large streamed messages. Edge paths leave CachedOutputStream or derived streams unclosed after content is spooled above the memory threshold, retaining their temporary files. The condition requires file-backed caching, and retained files can fill the temporary filesystem, disrupting the hosting process and neighboring services.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-23184
Published
Jan 21, 2025
Updated
Dec 15, 2025
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache CXF
Classifications
CWE-400, T1499
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 15, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.5.10
  2. Affected versionversion=3.6.0 <3.6.5
  3. Affected versionversion=4.0.0 <4.0.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache CXFversion=0 <3.5.10; version=3.6.0 <3.6.5; version=4.0.0 <4.0.6

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-400Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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