CVE-2025-23045Network attack vector

Authenticated code execution via unsigned tracker state

Published Jan 28, 2025 · Updated Jan 28, 2025

Unsafe deserialization in CVAT 1.1.0 through 2.25.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute code in tracker containers. The lambda manager forwarded client-supplied tracker state directly to TransT, SiamMask, or similarly unsafe custom functions, where jsonpickle could interpret objects that invoke arbitrary code. Exploitation requires an account and a deployed tracker function that restores state with an unsafe serializer; execution remains inside that function's Nuclio container.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability0.50%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unsafe deserialization in CVAT 1.1.0 through 2.25.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute code in tracker containers. The lambda manager forwarded client-supplied tracker state directly to TransT, SiamMask, or similarly unsafe custom functions, where jsonpickle could interpret objects that invoke arbitrary code. Exploitation requires an account and a deployed tracker function that restores state with an unsafe serializer; execution remains inside that function's Nuclio container.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-23045
Published
Jan 28, 2025
Updated
Jan 28, 2025
Vendor
CVAT.ai
Product
CVAT
Classifications
CWE-502, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 1.1.0, < 2.26.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

CVAT.ai · CVATversion=>= 1.1.0, < 2.26.0

Published CVSS scores

8.7CVAT.ai GitHub Security AdvisoryCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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