CVE-2025-23001Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Account takeover via poisoned password-reset links

Published Jan 31, 2025 · Updated Feb 21, 2025

Host header injection in CTFd 3.7.5 allows remote attackers to poison password-reset links through crafted HTTP requests. The password-reset flow builds the emailed absolute URL from the untrusted Host value when no correctly configured reverse proxy restricts hostnames. A recipient must click the forged link, which sends the reset token to the attacker and enables account takeover; the supplier disputes affected status for properly configured deployments.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Host header injection in CTFd 3.7.5 allows remote attackers to poison password-reset links through crafted HTTP requests. The password-reset flow builds the emailed absolute URL from the untrusted Host value when no correctly configured reverse proxy restricts hostnames. A recipient must click the forged link, which sends the reset token to the attacker and enables account takeover; the supplier disputes affected status for properly configured deployments.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-23001
Published
Jan 31, 2025
Updated
Feb 21, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-644, T1566.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 31, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

6.1CISA ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-644Improper Neutralization of HTTP Headers for Scripting Syntax
T1566.002Spearphishing Link

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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