CVE-2025-2231

Code execution via unchecked RTF buffer read

Published Mar 24, 2025 · Updated Mar 24, 2025

Out-of-bounds read in PDF-XChange Editor 10.4.1.389 allows remote attackers to execute code by opening a crafted RTF file. The RTF parser fails to validate user-supplied data before reading an allocated buffer, allowing a read beyond its boundary. Exploitation requires a user to visit malicious content or open the file, and resulting code runs in the current process.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds read in PDF-XChange Editor 10.4.1.389 allows remote attackers to execute code by opening a crafted RTF file. The RTF parser fails to validate user-supplied data before reading an allocated buffer, allowing a read beyond its boundary. Exploitation requires a user to visit malicious content or open the file, and resulting code runs in the current process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-2231
Published
Mar 24, 2025
Updated
Mar 24, 2025
Vendor
Tracker Software Products
Product
PDF-XChange Editor
Classifications
CWE-125, T1203, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.4.1.389

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Tracker Software Products · PDF-XChange Editorversion=10.4.1.389

Published CVSS scores

7.8Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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