CVE-2025-22125

Local service interruption via dropped RAID I/O flags

Published Apr 16, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Improper I/O flag handling in Linux kernel RAID1 and RAID10 allows local users to severely degrade storage performance through RAID writes. The clone paths in drivers/md/raid1.c and drivers/md/raid10.c discard master-bio REQ_IDLE, REQ_META, and REQ_NOWAIT flags instead of propagating them. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access and an affected MD RAID array; blk-wbt then throttles underlying writes, while metadata priority and nonblocking semantics can also fail.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper I/O flag handling in Linux kernel RAID1 and RAID10 allows local users to severely degrade storage performance through RAID writes. The clone paths in drivers/md/raid1.c and drivers/md/raid10.c discard master-bio REQ_IDLE, REQ_META, and REQ_NOWAIT flags instead of propagating them. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access and an affected MD RAID array; blk-wbt then throttles underlying writes, while metadata priority and nonblocking semantics can also fail.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-22125
Published
Apr 16, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.6.19
  2. Affected versionversion=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <10f4ff4baeb6951cf58282954318827b6852d501
  3. Affected versionversion=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <73506e581c0b1814cdfd2229d589f30751d7de26
  4. Affected versionversion=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <8a0adf3d778c4a0893c6d34a9e1b0082a6f1c495
  5. Affected versionversion=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <e879a0d9cb086c8e52ce6c04e5bfa63825a6213c

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=2.6.19; version=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <10f4ff4baeb6951cf58282954318827b6852d501; version=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <73506e581c0b1814cdfd2229d589f30751d7de26; version=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <8a0adf3d778c4a0893c6d34a9e1b0082a6f1c495; version=5404bc7a87b9949cf61e0174b21f80e73239ab25 <e879a0d9cb086c8e52ce6c04e5bfa63825a6213c

Published CVSS scores

5.5UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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