CVE-2025-22048

Kernel memory corruption via clobbered BPF return register

Published Apr 16, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Memory corruption in the LoongArch eBPF JIT in affected Linux kernel versions allows local users to crash the kernel via a crafted BPF program. The call emitter in arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.c copies the sign-extended native-call return register a0 back into a5 after bpf2bpf calls, corrupting zero-extended pointer returns. Loading and triggering a JIT-compiled eBPF program requires local access and either unprivileged BPF enabled or CAP_BPF; successful corruption permits kernel reads, writes, or a panic.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Memory corruption in the LoongArch eBPF JIT in affected Linux kernel versions allows local users to crash the kernel via a crafted BPF program. The call emitter in arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.c copies the sign-extended native-call return register a0 back into a5 after bpf2bpf calls, corrupting zero-extended pointer returns. Loading and triggering a JIT-compiled eBPF program requires local access and either unprivileged BPF enabled or CAP_BPF; successful corruption permits kernel reads, writes, or a panic.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-22048
Published
Apr 16, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499.004, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0c8d50501bc13cacecc19caaddc10db372592a39 <7df2696256a034405d3c5a71b3a4c54725de4404
  2. Affected versionversion=3b75f627b73d96787a493e2f1187543ba9c056a4
  3. Affected versionversion=6.11.11 <6.12
  4. Affected versionversion=6.1.120 <6.2
  5. Affected versionversion=6.12.2 <6.12.23
  6. Affected versionversion=6.13
  7. Affected versionversion=6.6.64 <6.6.87
  8. Affected versionversion=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <60f3caff1492e5b8616b9578c4bedb5c0a88ed14
  9. Affected versionversion=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <780628a780b622759d9e5adc76d15432144da1a3
  10. Affected versionversion=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <996e90ab446641553e8e21707b38b9709605e0e0
  11. Affected versionversion=8382e92f90b601acf6d426121e6f4991502e767d
  12. Affected versionversion=d5d83242a1d778ceb6d8b07c6b491cf7483ca112 <223d565d8892481684091cfbaf3466f2b0e289d3

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=0c8d50501bc13cacecc19caaddc10db372592a39 <7df2696256a034405d3c5a71b3a4c54725de4404; version=3b75f627b73d96787a493e2f1187543ba9c056a4; version=6.11.11 <6.12; version=6.1.120 <6.2; version=6.12.2 <6.12.23; version=6.13; version=6.6.64 <6.6.87; version=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <60f3caff1492e5b8616b9578c4bedb5c0a88ed14; version=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <780628a780b622759d9e5adc76d15432144da1a3; version=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <996e90ab446641553e8e21707b38b9709605e0e0; version=8382e92f90b601acf6d426121e6f4991502e767d; version=d5d83242a1d778ceb6d8b07c6b491cf7483ca112 <223d565d8892481684091cfbaf3466f2b0e289d3

Published CVSS scores

7.8LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Application or System Exploitation
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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