Kernel memory corruption via clobbered BPF return register
Published Apr 16, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026
Memory corruption in the LoongArch eBPF JIT in affected Linux kernel versions allows local users to crash the kernel via a crafted BPF program. The call emitter in arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.c copies the sign-extended native-call return register a0 back into a5 after bpf2bpf calls, corrupting zero-extended pointer returns. Loading and triggering a JIT-compiled eBPF program requires local access and either unprivileged BPF enabled or CAP_BPF; successful corruption permits kernel reads, writes, or a panic.
Summary
What happened
Memory corruption in the LoongArch eBPF JIT in affected Linux kernel versions allows local users to crash the kernel via a crafted BPF program. The call emitter in arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.c copies the sign-extended native-call return register a0 back into a5 after bpf2bpf calls, corrupting zero-extended pointer returns. Loading and triggering a JIT-compiled eBPF program requires local access and either unprivileged BPF enabled or CAP_BPF; successful corruption permits kernel reads, writes, or a panic.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-22048
- Published
- Apr 16, 2025
- Updated
- Aug 5, 2026
- Vendor
- The Linux Kernel Organization
- Product
- Linux
- Classifications
- T1499.004, T1068
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Apr 16, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=0c8d50501bc13cacecc19caaddc10db372592a39 <7df2696256a034405d3c5a71b3a4c54725de4404
- Affected versionversion=3b75f627b73d96787a493e2f1187543ba9c056a4
- Affected versionversion=6.11.11 <6.12
- Affected versionversion=6.1.120 <6.2
- Affected versionversion=6.12.2 <6.12.23
- Affected versionversion=6.13
- Affected versionversion=6.6.64 <6.6.87
- Affected versionversion=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <60f3caff1492e5b8616b9578c4bedb5c0a88ed14
- Affected versionversion=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <780628a780b622759d9e5adc76d15432144da1a3
- Affected versionversion=73c359d1d356cf10236ccd358bd55edab33e9424 <996e90ab446641553e8e21707b38b9709605e0e0
- Affected versionversion=8382e92f90b601acf6d426121e6f4991502e767d
- Affected versionversion=d5d83242a1d778ceb6d8b07c6b491cf7483ca112 <223d565d8892481684091cfbaf3466f2b0e289d3
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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