CVE-2025-21943Public exploit

System instability via module-unload race

Published Apr 1, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Race condition in the Linux GPIO Aggregator allows local users to destabilize the system through concurrent module unloads. The new_device_store and delete_device_store handlers access module-global resources without holding a module reference, allowing an allocated ID to outlive failed device registration and leave a dangling platform device or GPIO forwarder. Reachability requires root-level sysfs access and module-unload capability; successful triggering produces kernel corruption warnings and system instability.

CVSS severity4.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Race condition in the Linux GPIO Aggregator allows local users to destabilize the system through concurrent module unloads. The new_device_store and delete_device_store handlers access module-global resources without holding a module reference, allowing an allocated ID to outlive failed device registration and leave a dangling platform device or GPIO forwarder. Reachability requires root-level sysfs access and module-unload capability; successful triggering produces kernel corruption warnings and system instability.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21943
Published
Apr 1, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-362, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.8
  2. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <12f65d1203507f7db3ba59930fe29a3b8eee9945
  3. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <56281a76b805b5ac61feb5d580139695a22f87f0
  4. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <807789018186cf508ceb3a1f8f02935cd195717b
  5. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <8fb07fb1bba91d45846ed8605c3097fe67a7d54c
  6. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <9334c88fc2fbc6836b307d269fcc1744c69701c0
  7. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <d99dc8f7ea01ee1b21306e0eda8eb18a4af80db6
  8. Affected versionversion=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <fd6aa1f8cbe0979eb66ac32ebc231bf0b10a2117

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.8; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <12f65d1203507f7db3ba59930fe29a3b8eee9945; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <56281a76b805b5ac61feb5d580139695a22f87f0; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <807789018186cf508ceb3a1f8f02935cd195717b; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <8fb07fb1bba91d45846ed8605c3097fe67a7d54c; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <9334c88fc2fbc6836b307d269fcc1744c69701c0; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <d99dc8f7ea01ee1b21306e0eda8eb18a4af80db6; version=828546e24280f721350a7a0dcc92416e917b4382 <fd6aa1f8cbe0979eb66ac32ebc231bf0b10a2117

Published CVSS scores

4.7UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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