CVE-2025-21941

Kernel crash via unchecked display plane state

Published Apr 1, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

NULL pointer dereference in affected Linux kernel builds allows local users to crash the system through the AMD display driver. resource_build_scaling_params dereferences pipe_ctx->plane_state without first verifying that the pointer is non-null. Exploitation requires local low-privilege access and an AMD display path that supplies a pipe context with no plane state; the resulting fault interrupts availability without reported data disclosure or modification.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

NULL pointer dereference in affected Linux kernel builds allows local users to crash the system through the AMD display driver. resource_build_scaling_params dereferences pipe_ctx->plane_state without first verifying that the pointer is non-null. Exploitation requires local low-privilege access and an AMD display path that supplies a pipe context with no plane state; the resulting fault interrupts availability without reported data disclosure or modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21941
Published
Apr 1, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <265422915416468ba91bffa56addbff45e18342a
  2. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <3748fad09d89e9a5290e1738fd6872a79f794743
  3. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <374c9faac5a763a05bc3f68ad9f73dab3c6aec90
  4. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <3b3c2be58d5275aa59d8b4810a59f173f2f5bac1
  5. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <c1e54752dc12e90305eb0475ca908f42f5b369ca
  6. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <e0345c3478f185ca840daac7f08a1fcd4ebec3e9
  7. Affected versionversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <f435192e00bc4d5d4134356b93212670ec47fa8d
  8. Affected versionversion=4.15

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <265422915416468ba91bffa56addbff45e18342a; version=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <3748fad09d89e9a5290e1738fd6872a79f794743; version=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <374c9faac5a763a05bc3f68ad9f73dab3c6aec90; version=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <3b3c2be58d5275aa59d8b4810a59f173f2f5bac1; version=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <c1e54752dc12e90305eb0475ca908f42f5b369ca; version=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <e0345c3478f185ca840daac7f08a1fcd4ebec3e9; version=3be5262e353b8ab97c528bfc7d0dd3c820e4ba27 <f435192e00bc4d5d4134356b93212670ec47fa8d; version=4.15

Published CVSS scores

5.5Canonical UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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