CVE-2025-21930

Wi-Fi service interruption via dead-firmware command

Published Apr 1, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Improper firmware-state validation in Linux 6.8 through 6.14-rc5 allows local users to interrupt Wi-Fi service through iwlwifi debugfs. The iwl_dbgfs_fw_dbg_clear_write handler calls iwl_fw_dbg_clear_monitor_buf without first verifying that firmware is running, which sends a command to a dead firmware instance. Reachability requires local access, an Intel device family 9000 or later, exposed driver debugfs, and stopped firmware; the reported result is an iwlwifi warning and availability loss.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper firmware-state validation in Linux 6.8 through 6.14-rc5 allows local users to interrupt Wi-Fi service through iwlwifi debugfs. The iwl_dbgfs_fw_dbg_clear_write handler calls iwl_fw_dbg_clear_monitor_buf without first verifying that firmware is running, which sends a command to a dead firmware instance. Reachability requires local access, an Intel device family 9000 or later, exposed driver debugfs, and stopped firmware; the reported result is an iwlwifi warning and availability loss.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21930
Published
Apr 1, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=268712dc3b344f3a835211e5846e6ebfd7a13cbd <437e93ecd40754f9e938d524daf52a10c589e2d4
  2. Affected versionversion=268712dc3b344f3a835211e5846e6ebfd7a13cbd <d73d2c6e3313f0ba60711ab4f4b9044eddca9ca5
  3. Affected versionversion=268712dc3b344f3a835211e5846e6ebfd7a13cbd <e7c31a3f4f27d61b9ccd894a7bf4690f137da0ec
  4. Affected versionversion=6.8

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=268712dc3b344f3a835211e5846e6ebfd7a13cbd <437e93ecd40754f9e938d524daf52a10c589e2d4; version=268712dc3b344f3a835211e5846e6ebfd7a13cbd <d73d2c6e3313f0ba60711ab4f4b9044eddca9ca5; version=268712dc3b344f3a835211e5846e6ebfd7a13cbd <e7c31a3f4f27d61b9ccd894a7bf4690f137da0ec; version=6.8

Published CVSS scores

5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.5Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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