CVE-2025-21833

Local system crash via missing PASID lookup

Published Mar 6, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

NULL pointer dereference in the Intel VT-d IOMMU code in the Linux kernel allows local users to crash the system during PASID removal. In domain_remove_dev_pasid(), a missing PASID lookup leaves no valid object, but execution continues past WARN_ON_ONCE and uses the NULL pointer. The path requires local low-privilege access and Intel VT-d PASID teardown; the bounded consequence is an availability-only kernel crash.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

NULL pointer dereference in the Intel VT-d IOMMU code in the Linux kernel allows local users to crash the system during PASID removal. In domain_remove_dev_pasid(), a missing PASID lookup leaves no valid object, but execution continues past WARN_ON_ONCE and uses the NULL pointer. The path requires local low-privilege access and Intel VT-d PASID teardown; the bounded consequence is an availability-only kernel crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21833
Published
Mar 6, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-476, T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 6, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.7
  2. Affected versionversion=d87731f609318a27e9aa3d01cf97798599d32839 <60f030f7418d3f1d94f2fb207fe3080e1844630b
  3. Affected versionversion=d87731f609318a27e9aa3d01cf97798599d32839 <68ec78beb4a3fb0877cbaaf49758c85410c05977
  4. Affected versionversion=d87731f609318a27e9aa3d01cf97798599d32839 <df96876be3b064aefc493f760e0639765d13ed0d

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=6.7; version=d87731f609318a27e9aa3d01cf97798599d32839 <60f030f7418d3f1d94f2fb207fe3080e1844630b; version=d87731f609318a27e9aa3d01cf97798599d32839 <68ec78beb4a3fb0877cbaaf49758c85410c05977; version=d87731f609318a27e9aa3d01cf97798599d32839 <df96876be3b064aefc493f760e0639765d13ed0d

Published CVSS scores

5.5NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-476NULL Pointer Dereference
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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