CVE-2025-2183

Malicious software installation via untrusted root certificates

Published Aug 13, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Improper certificate validation in Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App allows attackers to install malicious root certificates. When a portal-supplied chain or FULLCHAINCERTVERIFY setting is present, the app trusts certificates that can redirect it to an arbitrary server. A local non-administrative user or same-subnet attacker can establish that trust and then install software signed by the malicious root.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability0.11%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper certificate validation in Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App allows attackers to install malicious root certificates. When a portal-supplied chain or FULLCHAINCERTVERIFY setting is present, the app trusts certificates that can redirect it to an arbitrary server. A local non-administrative user or same-subnet attacker can establish that trust and then install software signed by the malicious root.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-2183
Published
Aug 13, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
Palo Alto Networks
Product
GlobalProtect App
Classifications
CWE-295, CAPEC-233, T1553.004
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.0.0
  2. Affected versionversion=6.1.0
  3. Affected versionversion=6.2.0 <11.1.10 changes=[{"at":"11.1.10","status":"unaffected"}]
  4. Affected versionversion=6.2.0 <6.2.8-h3 (6.2.8-c263) changes=[{"at":"6.2.8-h3 (6.2.8-c263)","status":"unaffected"}]
  5. Affected versionversion=6.3.0 <6.3.3 changes=[{"at":"6.3.3","status":"unaffected"}]
  6. Affected versionversion=6.3.0 <6.3.3-h2 (6.3.3-c676) changes=[{"at":"6.3.3-h2 (6.3.3-c676)","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Palo Alto Networks · GlobalProtect Appversion=6.0.0; version=6.1.0; version=6.2.0 <11.1.10 changes=[{"at":"11.1.10","status":"unaffected"}]; version=6.2.0 <6.2.8-h3 (6.2.8-c263) changes=[{"at":"6.2.8-h3 (6.2.8-c263)","status":"unaffected"}]; version=6.3.0 <6.3.3 changes=[{"at":"6.3.3","status":"unaffected"}]; version=6.3.0 <6.3.3-h2 (6.3.3-c676) changes=[{"at":"6.3.3-h2 (6.3.3-c676)","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

4.5Palo Alto NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/AU:N/R:U/V:D/U:Amber
5.3GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:X/U:Amber

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-295Improper Certificate Validation
CAPEC-233Privilege Escalation
T1553.004Install Root Certificate

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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