CVE-2025-2182

Cluster traffic disclosure via cleartext MACsec key

Published Aug 13, 2025 · Updated Aug 13, 2025

Cleartext key exposure in PAN-OS 11.1.0 through 11.1.9 and 11.2.0 through 11.2.7 allows attackers to read NGFW cluster traffic. Palo Alto Networks has not published the code locus or operation that exposes the MACsec connectivity association key in cleartext. Exposure requires PA-7500 Series firewalls in an NGFW cluster with MACsec enabled; possession of the key permits reading interdevice messages without reported integrity or availability impact.

CVSS severity6.8
Medium
EPSS probability0.12%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cleartext key exposure in PAN-OS 11.1.0 through 11.1.9 and 11.2.0 through 11.2.7 allows attackers to read NGFW cluster traffic. Palo Alto Networks has not published the code locus or operation that exposes the MACsec connectivity association key in cleartext. Exposure requires PA-7500 Series firewalls in an NGFW cluster with MACsec enabled; possession of the key permits reading interdevice messages without reported integrity or availability impact.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-2182
Published
Aug 13, 2025
Updated
Aug 13, 2025
Vendor
Palo Alto Networks
Product
PAN-OS
Classifications
CWE-312, CAPEC-158, T1040
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Aug 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=11.1.0 <11.1.10 changes=[{"at":"11.1.10","status":"unaffected"}]
  2. Affected versionversion=11.2.0 <11.2.8 changes=[{"at":"11.2.8","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Palo Alto Networks · PAN-OSversion=11.1.0 <11.1.10 changes=[{"at":"11.1.10","status":"unaffected"}]; version=11.2.0 <11.2.8 changes=[{"at":"11.2.8","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

3.3Palo Alto NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/AU:N/R:A/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber
6.8Palo Alto NetworksCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-312Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
CAPEC-158Sniffing Network Traffic
T1040Network Sniffing

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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