CVE-2025-21800

Service interruption via negative shift exponent

Published Feb 27, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Shift-out-of-bounds in Linux kernel 6.12 allows local users to disrupt operation through mlx5 hardware steering. The HWS_SET32 macro in the mlx5 HWS definer left-shifts a value by a signed field offset without handling negative offsets, producing undefined behavior and a UBSAN fault. Exploitation requires local access and execution of the affected hardware-steering path; published evidence establishes availability impact but not data access or code execution.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Shift-out-of-bounds in Linux kernel 6.12 allows local users to disrupt operation through mlx5 hardware steering. The HWS_SET32 macro in the mlx5 HWS definer left-shifts a value by a signed field offset without handling negative offsets, producing undefined behavior and a UBSAN fault. Exploitation requires local access and execution of the affected hardware-steering path; published evidence establishes availability impact but not data access or code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21800
Published
Feb 27, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
Unavailable
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.12
  2. Affected versionversion=74a778b4a63faef9ff02aad0d332b209835f93e1 <69c676c0ded472713e6d1b3a456b3c4f52f66f0e
  3. Affected versionversion=74a778b4a63faef9ff02aad0d332b209835f93e1 <92cff996624c4757d5bbace3dfa3f1567ba94143
  4. Affected versionversion=74a778b4a63faef9ff02aad0d332b209835f93e1 <be482f1d10da781db9445d2753c1e3f1fd82babf

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=6.12; version=74a778b4a63faef9ff02aad0d332b209835f93e1 <69c676c0ded472713e6d1b3a456b3c4f52f66f0e; version=74a778b4a63faef9ff02aad0d332b209835f93e1 <92cff996624c4757d5bbace3dfa3f1567ba94143; version=74a778b4a63faef9ff02aad0d332b209835f93e1 <be482f1d10da781db9445d2753c1e3f1fd82babf

Published CVSS scores

7.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5SUSECVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

No sourced classifications are available.

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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