CVE-2025-21756

Kernel compromise via premature vsock socket release

Published Feb 27, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Use-after-free in Linux kernel vsock and affected Siemens GNU/Linux subsystems allows local users to read or write kernel memory or crash the system. During transport reassignment, transport->release() removes a still-bound socket, and __vsock_bind() later drops its reference count to zero before accessing it. A local low-privileged process must create and rebind a vsock socket across a transport change; successful exploitation compromises the kernel.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.87%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Linux kernel vsock and affected Siemens GNU/Linux subsystems allows local users to read or write kernel memory or crash the system. During transport reassignment, transport->release() removes a still-bound socket, and __vsock_bind() later drops its reference count to zero before accessing it. A local low-privileged process must create and rebind a vsock socket across a transport change; successful exploitation compromises the kernel.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21756
Published
Feb 27, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
Siemens
Product
SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP
Classifications
CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=V3.1.5 <*

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Siemens · SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPversion=V3.1.5 <*
Siemens · SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemversion=0 <*
The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.5; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <3f43540166128951cc1be7ab1ce6b7f05c670d8b; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <42b33381e5e1f2b967dc4fb4221ddb9aaf10d197; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <645ce25aa0e67895b11d89f27bb86c9d444c40f8; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <b1afd40321f1c243cffbcf40ea7ca41aca87fa5e; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <e48fcb403c2d0e574c19683f09399ab4cf67809c; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <e7754d564579a5db9c5c9f74228df5d6dd6f1173; version=c0cfa2d8a788fcf45df5bf4070ab2474c88d543a <fcdd2242c0231032fc84e1404315c245ae56322a
Siemens · SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFPversion=V3.1.5 <*
Siemens · SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFPversion=V3.1.5 <*

Published CVSS scores

7.8Linux kernel CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8Siemens ProductCERTCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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