CVE-2025-21741

Memory disclosure and crash via unbounded DPE loop

Published Feb 27, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Out-of-bounds read in Linux kernel ipheth allows local users to read kernel memory or crash the system via crafted USB network data. The ipheth_rcvbulk_callback_ncm function iterates DPE entries in a fixed-size NDP16 header without a maximum count, so an absent null terminator advances the pointer beyond the header. Reachability requires the ipheth USB networking path and crafted NCM input from a connected device, bounding the consequence to kernel-memory disclosure or service interruption.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds read in Linux kernel ipheth allows local users to read kernel memory or crash the system via crafted USB network data. The ipheth_rcvbulk_callback_ncm function iterates DPE entries in a fixed-size NDP16 header without a maximum count, so an absent null terminator advances the pointer beyond the header. Reachability requires the ipheth USB networking path and crafted NCM input from a connected device, bounding the consequence to kernel-memory disclosure or service interruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21741
Published
Feb 27, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-125
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.5
  2. Affected versionversion=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <22475242ddb70e35c9148234be9a3aa9fb8efff9
  3. Affected versionversion=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <5835bf66c50ac2b85ed28b282c2456c3516ef0a6
  4. Affected versionversion=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <971b8c572559e52d32a2b82f2d9e0685439a0117
  5. Affected versionversion=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <ee591f2b281721171896117f9946fced31441418

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=6.5; version=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <22475242ddb70e35c9148234be9a3aa9fb8efff9; version=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <5835bf66c50ac2b85ed28b282c2456c3516ef0a6; version=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <971b8c572559e52d32a2b82f2d9e0685439a0117; version=a2d274c62e44b1995c170595db3865c6fe701226 <ee591f2b281721171896117f9946fced31441418

Published CVSS scores

7.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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