CVE-2025-21717

Kernel panic via CPU ID as NUMA node

Published Feb 27, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Out-of-bounds access in Linux kernel 6.13 and 6.13.1 allows local users to panic the host through mlx5e configuration operations. mlx5e_open_xdpredirect_sq passes a CPU identifier directly as the NUMA node argument to kvzalloc_node, so values beyond MAX_NUMNODES index allocator state out of bounds. Reachability requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, an mlx5 Ethernet interface, and a CPU ID above the configured node limit; interface-up or ethtool reconfiguration can crash the kernel.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds access in Linux kernel 6.13 and 6.13.1 allows local users to panic the host through mlx5e configuration operations. mlx5e_open_xdpredirect_sq passes a CPU identifier directly as the NUMA node argument to kvzalloc_node, so values beyond MAX_NUMNODES index allocator state out of bounds. Reachability requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, an mlx5 Ethernet interface, and a CPU ID above the configured node limit; interface-up or ethtool reconfiguration can crash the kernel.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21717
Published
Feb 27, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=6.13
  2. Affected versionversion=bb135e40129ddd254cfb474b58981313be79a631 <979284535aaf12a287a2f43d9d5dfcbdc1dc4cac
  3. Affected versionversion=bb135e40129ddd254cfb474b58981313be79a631 <a275db45b4161d01716559dd7557db9ea0450952

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=6.13; version=bb135e40129ddd254cfb474b58981313be79a631 <979284535aaf12a287a2f43d9d5dfcbdc1dc4cac; version=bb135e40129ddd254cfb474b58981313be79a631 <a275db45b4161d01716559dd7557db9ea0450952

Published CVSS scores

7.8LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.1UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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