CVE-2025-21692

Local privilege escalation via ETS negative index

Published Feb 10, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Improper array-index validation in Linux kernel 5.6 and later allows local users to elevate privileges through ETS qdisc changes. ets_class_from_arg subtracts one from a zero class identifier, selecting ets_class[-1], and ets_class_change then writes an attacker-chosen quantum through that invalid pointer. The path requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, obtainable in an enabled unprivileged user namespace, and can corrupt kernel memory, disclose adjacent data, or crash the host.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.62%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper array-index validation in Linux kernel 5.6 and later allows local users to elevate privileges through ETS qdisc changes. ets_class_from_arg subtracts one from a zero class identifier, selecting ets_class[-1], and ets_class_change then writes an attacker-chosen quantum through that invalid pointer. The path requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, obtainable in an enabled unprivileged user namespace, and can corrupt kernel memory, disclose adjacent data, or crash the host.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21692
Published
Feb 10, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
Siemens
Product
SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 family
Classifications
CWE-129, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <V3.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Siemens · SCALANCE XC-300/XR-300/XC-400/XR-500WG/XR-500 familyversion=0 <V3.2
Siemens · SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystemversion=0 <*
The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.6; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <03c56665dab1f4ac844bc156652d50d639093fa5; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <1332c6ed446be787f901ed1064ec6a3c694f028a; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <997f6ec4208b23c87daf9f044689685f091826f7; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <bcf0d815e728a3a304b50455b32a3170c16e1eaa; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <d62b04fca4340a0d468d7853bd66e511935a18cb; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <f4168299e553f17aa2ba4016e77a9c38da40eb1d; version=dcc68b4d8084e1ac9af0d4022d6b1aff6a139a33 <f6b0f05fbfa4044f890e8a348288c0d9a20bd1d0
Siemens · SCALANCE XCM/XRM/XCH/XRH-300 familyversion=0 <V3.2
Siemens · RUGGEDCOM RST2428Pversion=0 <V3.2

Published CVSS scores

7.8Linux kernel CNACVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8Siemens ProductCERTCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-129Improper Validation of Array Index
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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