CVE-2025-21651

Kernel warning via premature hns3 interrupt enablement

Published Jan 19, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Race condition in the Linux kernel hns3 driver 5.4 through 6.12.9 and 6.13-rc1 through 6.13-rc6 allows local users to trigger a warning. The hns3 PF driver enables its miscellaneous IRQ before its service task is initialized, so an interrupt enters hclge_misc_irq_handle and schedules delayed work too early. Local access and compatible HiSilicon hns3 hardware are required; the published trace demonstrates a kernel warning but does not establish a crash or hang.

CVSS severity4.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Race condition in the Linux kernel hns3 driver 5.4 through 6.12.9 and 6.13-rc1 through 6.13-rc6 allows local users to trigger a warning. The hns3 PF driver enables its miscellaneous IRQ before its service task is initialized, so an interrupt enters hclge_misc_irq_handle and schedules delayed work too early. Local access and compatible HiSilicon hns3 hardware are required; the published trace demonstrates a kernel warning but does not establish a crash or hang.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21651
Published
Jan 19, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-362
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 19, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.4
  2. Affected versionversion=7be1b9f3e99f6213d053d16ed2438126931d8351 <98b1e3b27734139c76295754b6c317aa4df6d32e
  3. Affected versionversion=7be1b9f3e99f6213d053d16ed2438126931d8351 <bcf430d3bb5525fc89a92a0c451c725ba1aa4306

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.4; version=7be1b9f3e99f6213d053d16ed2438126931d8351 <98b1e3b27734139c76295754b6c317aa4df6d32e; version=7be1b9f3e99f6213d053d16ed2438126931d8351 <bcf430d3bb5525fc89a92a0c451c725ba1aa4306

Published CVSS scores

4.7NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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