CVE-2025-21553Network attack vector

Authenticated read and modification of Java VM data

Published Jan 21, 2025 · Updated Feb 4, 2025

Incorrect authorization in affected Oracle Database Java VM releases allows remote authenticated users to read and alter accessible data. Oracle has not disclosed the defective Java VM authorization check or the input that reaches it. Exploitation requires Oracle Net access plus Create Session and Create Procedure privileges, and impact is limited to a subset of Java VM-accessible data.

CVSS severity4.2
Medium
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Incorrect authorization in affected Oracle Database Java VM releases allows remote authenticated users to read and alter accessible data. Oracle has not disclosed the defective Java VM authorization check or the input that reaches it. Exploitation requires Oracle Net access plus Create Session and Create Procedure privileges, and impact is limited to a subset of Java VM-accessible data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21553
Published
Jan 21, 2025
Updated
Feb 4, 2025
Vendor
Oracle Corporation
Product
Oracle Database
Classifications
CWE-863
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 21, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 4, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=19.3 <=19.25
  2. Affected versionversion=21.3 <=21.16
  3. Affected versionversion=23.4 <=23.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Oracle Corporation · Oracle Databaseversion=19.3 <=19.25; version=21.3 <=21.16; version=23.4 <=23.6

Published CVSS scores

4.2Oracle CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-863Incorrect Authorization

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo