CVE-2025-2149Public exploit

Model-output manipulation via unrestored quantization parameters

Published Mar 10, 2025 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Improper initialization in PyTorch 2.6.0+cu124 allows local users to alter quantized Sigmoid output through crafted model state. When state_dict is loaded into a newly initialized nnq_Sigmoid instance, output_scale and output_zero_point retain constructor values instead of the saved scale and zero_point. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access and control of model state, and the demonstrated consequence is incorrect inference data rather than code execution or service interruption.

CVSS severity2.0
Low
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Improper initialization in PyTorch 2.6.0+cu124 allows local users to alter quantized Sigmoid output through crafted model state. When state_dict is loaded into a newly initialized nnq_Sigmoid instance, output_scale and output_zero_point retain constructor values instead of the saved scale and zero_point. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access and control of model state, and the demonstrated consequence is incorrect inference data rather than code execution or service interruption.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-2149
Published
Mar 10, 2025
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
PyTorch
Product
PyTorch
Classifications
CWE-665, T1565.001
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.6.0+cu124

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

PyTorch · PyTorchversion=2.6.0+cu124

Published CVSS scores

2.0GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-665Improper Initialization
T1565.001Stored Data Manipulation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo