CVE-2025-21085Network attack vector

Service interruption via duplicated OAuth grant attributes

Published Jun 15, 2025 · Updated Jun 16, 2025

Duplicate-key handling in Ping Identity PingFederate allows remote authenticated users to consume excessive memory through OAuth requests. With PostgreSQL-backed persistent grant storage, OAuth2 grant processing duplicates grant attributes instead of maintaining unique associative keys, increasing memory use. Reachability requires low-privileged OAuth access and the affected datastore configuration; the documented impact is reduced service availability without data disclosure or modification.

CVSS severity2.1
Low
EPSS probability0.33%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Duplicate-key handling in Ping Identity PingFederate allows remote authenticated users to consume excessive memory through OAuth requests. With PostgreSQL-backed persistent grant storage, OAuth2 grant processing duplicates grant attributes instead of maintaining unique associative keys, increasing memory use. Reachability requires low-privileged OAuth access and the affected datastore configuration; the documented impact is reduced service availability without data disclosure or modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-21085
Published
Jun 15, 2025
Updated
Jun 16, 2025
Vendor
Ping Identity
Product
PingFederate
Classifications
CWE-462, CAPEC-130, T1499.003
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 15, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jun 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=11.3.0 <11.3.13
  2. Affected versionversion=12.0 <12.0.9
  3. Affected versionversion=12.1.0 <12.1.9
  4. Affected versionversion=12.2.0 <12.2.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Ping Identity · PingFederateversion=11.3.0 <11.3.13; version=12.0 <12.0.9; version=12.1.0 <12.1.9; version=12.2.0 <12.2.4

Published CVSS scores

2.1Ping IdentityCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/S:P/AU:Y/R:A/RE:L/U:Amber

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-462Duplicate Key in Associative List
CAPEC-130Excessive Allocation
T1499.003Endpoint Denial of Service: Application Exhaustion Flood

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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