Root command execution via unvalidated CLI arguments
Published Sep 24, 2025 · Updated Sep 24, 2025
Command injection in Cisco IOS XE Software allows local users with level 15 administrative privileges to execute commands as root. The CLI passes crafted user arguments containing unneutralized parameter or argument delimiters to specific commands without sufficient validation. Reachability requires a local CLI session and valid administrative level 15 credentials; successful exploitation exposes device confidentiality and integrity.
Summary
What happened
Command injection in Cisco IOS XE Software allows local users with level 15 administrative privileges to execute commands as root. The CLI passes crafted user arguments containing unneutralized parameter or argument delimiters to specific commands without sufficient validation. Reachability requires a local CLI session and valid administrative level 15 credentials; successful exploitation exposes device confidentiality and integrity.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-20338
- Published
- Sep 24, 2025
- Updated
- Sep 24, 2025
- Vendor
- ClamAV
- Product
- Cisco IOS XE Software
- Classifications
- CWE-141, T1068
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Sep 24, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Sep 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.
Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1a
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1b
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1c
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1d
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1e
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1f
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1g
- Affected versionversion=16.10.1s
- Affected versionversion=16.10.2
- Affected versionversion=16.10.3
- Affected versionversion=16.11.1
- Affected versionversion=16.11.1a
- Affected versionversion=16.11.1b
- Affected versionversion=16.11.1s
- Affected versionversion=16.11.2
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1
- Affected versionversion=16.12.10
- Affected versionversion=16.12.10a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.11
- Affected versionversion=16.12.12
- Affected versionversion=16.12.13
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1c
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1s
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1t
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1w
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1x
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1y
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1z1
- Affected versionversion=16.12.1z2
- Affected versionversion=16.12.2
- Affected versionversion=16.12.2a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.2s
- Affected versionversion=16.12.3
- Affected versionversion=16.12.3a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.3s
- Affected versionversion=16.12.4
- Affected versionversion=16.12.4a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.5
- Affected versionversion=16.12.5a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.5b
- Affected versionversion=16.12.6
- Affected versionversion=16.12.6a
- Affected versionversion=16.12.7
- Affected versionversion=16.12.8
- Affected versionversion=16.12.9
- Affected versionversion=16.6.1
- Affected versionversion=16.6.10
- Affected versionversion=16.6.2
- Affected versionversion=16.6.3
- Affected versionversion=16.6.4
- Affected versionversion=16.6.4a
- Affected versionversion=16.6.5
- Affected versionversion=16.6.5a
- Affected versionversion=16.6.6
- Affected versionversion=16.6.7
- Affected versionversion=16.6.8
- Affected versionversion=16.6.9
- Affected versionversion=16.7.1
- Affected versionversion=16.7.1a
- Affected versionversion=16.7.1b
- Affected versionversion=16.7.2
- Affected versionversion=16.7.3
- Affected versionversion=16.7.4
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1a
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1b
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1c
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1d
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1e
- Affected versionversion=16.8.1s
- Affected versionversion=16.8.2
- Affected versionversion=16.8.3
- Affected versionversion=16.9.1
- Affected versionversion=16.9.1a
- Affected versionversion=16.9.1b
- Affected versionversion=16.9.1s
- Affected versionversion=16.9.2
- Affected versionversion=16.9.3
- Affected versionversion=16.9.3a
- Affected versionversion=16.9.4
- Affected versionversion=16.9.5
- Affected versionversion=16.9.5f
- Affected versionversion=16.9.6
- Affected versionversion=16.9.7
- Affected versionversion=16.9.8
- Affected versionversion=17.10.1
- Affected versionversion=17.10.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.10.1b
- Affected versionversion=17.1.1
- Affected versionversion=17.11.1
- Affected versionversion=17.11.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.1.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.1.1s
- Affected versionversion=17.1.1t
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1w
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1x
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1y
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1z
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1z1
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1z2
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1z3
- Affected versionversion=17.12.1z4
- Affected versionversion=17.12.2
- Affected versionversion=17.12.2a
- Affected versionversion=17.12.3
- Affected versionversion=17.12.3a
- Affected versionversion=17.12.4
- Affected versionversion=17.12.4a
- Affected versionversion=17.12.4b
- Affected versionversion=17.12.5
- Affected versionversion=17.12.5a
- Affected versionversion=17.12.5b
- Affected versionversion=17.12.5c
- Affected versionversion=17.1.3
- Affected versionversion=17.13.1
- Affected versionversion=17.13.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.14.1
- Affected versionversion=17.14.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1b
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1w
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1x
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1y
- Affected versionversion=17.15.1z
- Affected versionversion=17.15.2
- Affected versionversion=17.15.2a
- Affected versionversion=17.15.2b
- Affected versionversion=17.15.2c
- Affected versionversion=17.15.3
- Affected versionversion=17.15.3a
- Affected versionversion=17.15.3b
- Affected versionversion=17.16.1
- Affected versionversion=17.16.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.2.1
- Affected versionversion=17.2.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.2.1r
- Affected versionversion=17.2.1v
- Affected versionversion=17.2.2
- Affected versionversion=17.2.3
- Affected versionversion=17.3.1
- Affected versionversion=17.3.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.3.1w
- Affected versionversion=17.3.1x
- Affected versionversion=17.3.1z
- Affected versionversion=17.3.2
- Affected versionversion=17.3.2a
- Affected versionversion=17.3.3
- Affected versionversion=17.3.4
- Affected versionversion=17.3.4a
- Affected versionversion=17.3.4b
- Affected versionversion=17.3.4c
- Affected versionversion=17.3.5
- Affected versionversion=17.3.5a
- Affected versionversion=17.3.5b
- Affected versionversion=17.3.6
- Affected versionversion=17.3.7
- Affected versionversion=17.3.8
- Affected versionversion=17.3.8a
- Affected versionversion=17.4.1
- Affected versionversion=17.4.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.4.1b
- Affected versionversion=17.4.2
- Affected versionversion=17.4.2a
- Affected versionversion=17.5.1
- Affected versionversion=17.5.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1w
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1x
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1y
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1z
- Affected versionversion=17.6.1z1
- Affected versionversion=17.6.2
- Affected versionversion=17.6.3
- Affected versionversion=17.6.3a
- Affected versionversion=17.6.4
- Affected versionversion=17.6.5
- Affected versionversion=17.6.5a
- Affected versionversion=17.6.6
- Affected versionversion=17.6.6a
- Affected versionversion=17.6.7
- Affected versionversion=17.6.8
- Affected versionversion=17.6.8a
- Affected versionversion=17.7.1
- Affected versionversion=17.7.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.7.1b
- Affected versionversion=17.7.2
- Affected versionversion=17.8.1
- Affected versionversion=17.8.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1w
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1x
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1x1
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1y
- Affected versionversion=17.9.1y1
- Affected versionversion=17.9.2
- Affected versionversion=17.9.2a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.3
- Affected versionversion=17.9.3a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.4
- Affected versionversion=17.9.4a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.5
- Affected versionversion=17.9.5a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.5b
- Affected versionversion=17.9.5e
- Affected versionversion=17.9.5f
- Affected versionversion=17.9.6
- Affected versionversion=17.9.6a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.7
- Affected versionversion=17.9.7a
- Affected versionversion=17.9.7b
- Affected versionversion=3.10.0cE
- Affected versionversion=3.10.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.10.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.10.2E
- Affected versionversion=3.10.3E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.11.10E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.11E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.12E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.1aE
- Affected versionversion=3.11.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.11.2E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.11.3aE
- Affected versionversion=3.11.3E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.11.4E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.11.5E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.6E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.7E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.8E
- Affected versionversion=3.11.9E
- Affected versionversion=3.12.0aS
- Affected versionversion=3.12.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.12.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.12.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.12.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.12.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.0aS
- Affected versionversion=3.13.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.10S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.2aS
- Affected versionversion=3.13.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.5aS
- Affected versionversion=3.13.5S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.6aS
- Affected versionversion=3.13.6S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.7aS
- Affected versionversion=3.13.7S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.8S
- Affected versionversion=3.13.9S
- Affected versionversion=3.14.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.14.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.14.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.14.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.14.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.15.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.15.1cS
- Affected versionversion=3.15.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.15.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.15.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.15.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.0cS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.10S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.1aS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.2aS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.2bS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.3aS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.4aS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.4bS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.4dS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.5S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.6bS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.6S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.7aS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.7bS
- Affected versionversion=3.16.7S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.8S
- Affected versionversion=3.16.9S
- Affected versionversion=3.17.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.17.1aS
- Affected versionversion=3.17.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.17.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.17.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.17.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.18.0aS
- Affected versionversion=3.18.0S
- Affected versionversion=3.18.0SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.1aSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.1bSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.1cSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.1S
- Affected versionversion=3.18.1SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.2aSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.2S
- Affected versionversion=3.18.2SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.3aSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.3bSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.3S
- Affected versionversion=3.18.3SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.4S
- Affected versionversion=3.18.4SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.5SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.6SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.7SP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.8aSP
- Affected versionversion=3.18.9SP
- Affected versionversion=3.5.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.5.0SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.5.1SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.2E
- Affected versionversion=3.5.2SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.3E
- Affected versionversion=3.5.3SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.4SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.5SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.6SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.7SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.5.8SQ
- Affected versionversion=3.6.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.10E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.2aE
- Affected versionversion=3.6.2E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.3E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.4E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.5aE
- Affected versionversion=3.6.5E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.6E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.7bE
- Affected versionversion=3.6.7E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.8E
- Affected versionversion=3.6.9E
- Affected versionversion=3.7.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.7.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.7.2E
- Affected versionversion=3.7.3E
- Affected versionversion=3.7.4E
- Affected versionversion=3.7.5E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.10E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.10eE
- Affected versionversion=3.8.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.2E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.3E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.4E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.5aE
- Affected versionversion=3.8.5E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.6E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.7E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.8E
- Affected versionversion=3.8.9E
- Affected versionversion=3.9.0E
- Affected versionversion=3.9.1E
- Affected versionversion=3.9.2E
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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