Unsigned software loading via incomplete ISO validation
Published Sep 10, 2025 · Updated Sep 10, 2025
Improper signature verification in Cisco IOS XR Software allows local users with root-system privileges to load unsigned software via a modified ISO. During image installation, file validation accepts modified ISO contents without confirming every installed file's signature. Exploitation requires root-system privileges and activation of the attacker-supplied image; it enables unsigned code loading but does not interrupt service.
Summary
What happened
Improper signature verification in Cisco IOS XR Software allows local users with root-system privileges to load unsigned software via a modified ISO. During image installation, file validation accepts modified ISO contents without confirming every installed file's signature. Exploitation requires root-system privileges and activation of the attacker-supplied image; it enables unsigned code loading but does not interrupt service.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-20248
- Published
- Sep 10, 2025
- Updated
- Sep 10, 2025
- Vendor
- ClamAV
- Product
- Cisco IOS XR Software
- Classifications
- CWE-347, T1601.001
- Attack vector
- local
- Privileges
- admin
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Sep 10, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Sep 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=24.1.1
- Affected versionversion=24.1.2
- Affected versionversion=24.2.1
- Affected versionversion=24.2.11
- Affected versionversion=24.2.2
- Affected versionversion=24.2.20
- Affected versionversion=24.3.1
- Affected versionversion=24.3.2
- Affected versionversion=24.4.1
- Affected versionversion=24.4.10
- Affected versionversion=24.4.15
- Affected versionversion=6.5.1
- Affected versionversion=6.5.15
- Affected versionversion=6.5.2
- Affected versionversion=6.5.25
- Affected versionversion=6.5.26
- Affected versionversion=6.5.28
- Affected versionversion=6.5.29
- Affected versionversion=6.5.3
- Affected versionversion=6.5.31
- Affected versionversion=6.5.32
- Affected versionversion=6.5.33
- Affected versionversion=6.5.35
- Affected versionversion=6.5.351
- Affected versionversion=6.5.352
- Affected versionversion=6.5.90
- Affected versionversion=6.5.92
- Affected versionversion=6.5.93
- Affected versionversion=6.6.1
- Affected versionversion=6.6.11
- Affected versionversion=6.6.12
- Affected versionversion=6.6.2
- Affected versionversion=6.6.25
- Affected versionversion=6.6.3
- Affected versionversion=6.6.4
- Affected versionversion=6.7.1
- Affected versionversion=6.7.2
- Affected versionversion=6.7.3
- Affected versionversion=6.7.35
- Affected versionversion=6.8.1
- Affected versionversion=6.8.2
- Affected versionversion=6.9.1
- Affected versionversion=6.9.2
- Affected versionversion=7.0.0
- Affected versionversion=7.0.1
- Affected versionversion=7.0.2
- Affected versionversion=7.0.90
- Affected versionversion=7.10.1
- Affected versionversion=7.10.2
- Affected versionversion=7.1.1
- Affected versionversion=7.11.1
- Affected versionversion=7.11.2
- Affected versionversion=7.11.21
- Affected versionversion=7.1.15
- Affected versionversion=7.1.2
- Affected versionversion=7.1.25
- Affected versionversion=7.1.3
- Affected versionversion=7.2.0
- Affected versionversion=7.2.1
- Affected versionversion=7.2.2
- Affected versionversion=7.3.1
- Affected versionversion=7.3.2
- Affected versionversion=7.3.27
- Affected versionversion=7.3.3
- Affected versionversion=7.3.4
- Affected versionversion=7.3.5
- Affected versionversion=7.3.6
- Affected versionversion=7.4.1
- Affected versionversion=7.4.15
- Affected versionversion=7.4.16
- Affected versionversion=7.4.2
- Affected versionversion=7.5.1
- Affected versionversion=7.5.2
- Affected versionversion=7.5.3
- Affected versionversion=7.5.4
- Affected versionversion=7.5.5
- Affected versionversion=7.6.1
- Affected versionversion=7.6.15
- Affected versionversion=7.6.2
- Affected versionversion=7.6.3
- Affected versionversion=7.7.1
- Affected versionversion=7.7.2
- Affected versionversion=7.7.21
- Affected versionversion=7.8.1
- Affected versionversion=7.8.2
- Affected versionversion=7.8.22
- Affected versionversion=7.8.23
- Affected versionversion=7.9.1
- Affected versionversion=7.9.2
- Affected versionversion=7.9.21
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
No public exploit references are available in this record.
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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