CVE-2025-2013

Code execution via freed CO parser object

Published Mar 11, 2025 · Updated Mar 12, 2025

Use-after-free in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt 1204.91 allows remote attackers to execute code through a crafted CO file opened by a user. The CO file parser operates on an object without first validating that the object still exists, leaving a freed object available for reuse. Exploitation requires the target to visit a malicious page or open a malicious file, and code runs with the privileges of the current process.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt 1204.91 allows remote attackers to execute code through a crafted CO file opened by a user. The CO file parser operates on an object without first validating that the object still exists, leaving a freed object available for reuse. Exploitation requires the target to visit a malicious page or open a malicious file, and code runs with the privileges of the current process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-2013
Published
Mar 11, 2025
Updated
Mar 12, 2025
Vendor
Ashlar-Vellum
Product
Cobalt
Classifications
CWE-416, T1204.002, T1189
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 11, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 12, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

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  1. Affected versionversion=1204.91

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Ashlar-Vellum · Cobaltversion=1204.91

Published CVSS scores

7.8Zero Day InitiativeCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1204.002Malicious File
T1189Drive-by Compromise

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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