CVE-2025-1865

SYSTEM escalation via unchecked kernel file creation

Published Apr 4, 2025 · Updated Jul 7, 2025

Improper access control in the ElbyCDIO.sys driver in Virtual CloneDrive 5.5.2.0 and earlier allows local users to gain SYSTEM privileges. IOCTL 0x22e08b passes a caller-controlled \Device\ path and access parameters to ZwCreateFile without OBJ_FORCE_ACCESS_CHECK, creating an arbitrary file with full caller control. Any low-privileged local user able to open the driver can use the kernel-created file to escalate privileges; no remote path or user interaction is involved.

CVSS severity8.5
High
EPSS probability0.15%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper access control in the ElbyCDIO.sys driver in Virtual CloneDrive 5.5.2.0 and earlier allows local users to gain SYSTEM privileges. IOCTL 0x22e08b passes a caller-controlled \Device\ path and access parameters to ZwCreateFile without OBJ_FORCE_ACCESS_CHECK, creating an arbitrary file with full caller control. Any low-privileged local user able to open the driver can use the kernel-created file to escalate privileges; no remote path or user interaction is involved.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1865
Published
Apr 4, 2025
Updated
Jul 7, 2025
Vendor
Elaborate Bytes AG
Product
Virtual CloneDrive
Classifications
CWE-284, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 4, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 7, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=5.5.2.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Elaborate Bytes AG · Virtual CloneDriveversion=0 <=5.5.2.0

Published CVSS scores

7.8cirosec GmbHCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.5cirosec GmbHCVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-284Improper Access Control
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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