CVE-2025-1795Network attack vector

Email address misinterpretation via encoded list separators

Published Feb 28, 2025 · Updated Jul 31, 2026

Improper output encoding in affected CPython releases allows remote authenticated users to make mail servers misparse address headers. The email header parser permits a ListSeparator comma to become an RFC 2047 encoded word when folding moves it onto a Unicode-encoded continuation line. Exploitation requires control of an address list processed by the email package and a downstream mail parser that treats the encoded comma as content, exposing message data through recipient confusion.

CVSS severity2.3
Low
EPSS probability0.61%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper output encoding in affected CPython releases allows remote authenticated users to make mail servers misparse address headers. The email header parser permits a ListSeparator comma to become an RFC 2047 encoded word when folding moves it onto a Unicode-encoded continuation line. Exploitation requires control of an address list processed by the email package and a downstream mail parser that treats the encoded comma as content, exposing message data through recipient confusion.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1795
Published
Feb 28, 2025
Updated
Jul 31, 2026
Vendor
Python Software Foundation
Product
CPython
Classifications
CWE-116
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 28, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jul 31, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.9.23
  2. Affected versionversion=3.10.0 <3.10.17
  3. Affected versionversion=3.11.0 <3.11.9
  4. Affected versionversion=3.12.0 <3.12.3
  5. Affected versionversion=3.13.0a1 <3.13.0a5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Python Software Foundation · CPythonversion=0 <3.9.23; version=3.10.0 <3.10.17; version=3.11.0 <3.11.9; version=3.12.0 <3.12.3; version=3.13.0a1 <3.13.0a5

Published CVSS scores

2.3Python Software FoundationCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-116Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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