CVE-2025-1676Network attack vector

Authenticated command execution via pdf2swf file argument

Published Feb 25, 2025 · Updated Feb 25, 2025

OS command injection in Hzmanyun Education and Training System 3.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands via /pdf2swf. The pdf2swf function incorporates the attacker-controlled file argument into an operating-system command without neutralizing command syntax. A low-privilege account is required; injected commands run with the application process privileges and can read, modify, or interrupt host resources.

CVSS severity5.3
Medium
EPSS probability2.37%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Hzmanyun Education and Training System 3.1.1 allows remote authenticated users to execute commands via /pdf2swf. The pdf2swf function incorporates the attacker-controlled file argument into an operating-system command without neutralizing command syntax. A low-privilege account is required; injected commands run with the application process privileges and can read, modify, or interrupt host resources.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1676
Published
Feb 25, 2025
Updated
Feb 25, 2025
Vendor
Hzmanyun
Product
Education and Training System
Classifications
CWE-78, CWE-77, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 25, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.1.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Hzmanyun · Education and Training Systemversion=3.1.1

Published CVSS scores

6.5VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.3VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.3VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-77Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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