CVE-2025-15638Network attack vector

Signature forgery and key theft via libtomcrypt

Published Apr 21, 2026 · Updated Apr 21, 2026

Vulnerable dependencies in Net::Dropbear before 0.14 allow remote attackers to compromise cryptographic operations through embedded libtomcrypt. The bundled library accepts RSA signature encodings whose trailing length is unchecked and performs ECDSA scalar multiplication with cache-observable memory access. Signature forgery is remotely reachable where consuming code verifies attacker-supplied RSA material; ECDSA key recovery requires local access or a co-resident virtual machine and repeated signature observations.

CVSS severity10.0
Critical
EPSS probability0.57%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Vulnerable dependencies in Net::Dropbear before 0.14 allow remote attackers to compromise cryptographic operations through embedded libtomcrypt. The bundled library accepts RSA signature encodings whose trailing length is unchecked and performs ECDSA scalar multiplication with cache-observable memory access. Signature forgery is remotely reachable where consuming code verifies attacker-supplied RSA material; ECDSA key recovery requires local access or a co-resident virtual machine and repeated signature observations.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-15638
Published
Apr 21, 2026
Updated
Apr 21, 2026
Vendor
Jon Gentle
Product
Net::Dropbear
Classifications
CWE-1395
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 21, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 21, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <0.14

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Jon Gentle · Net::Dropbearversion=0 <0.14

Published CVSS scores

10.0CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-1395Dependency on Vulnerable Third-Party Component

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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