Code execution via CRC-bypassed firmware update
Published Dec 13, 2025 · Updated Dec 13, 2025
Firmware integrity bypass in Tenda AX9 22.03.01.46 allows remote attackers to install modified firmware through the update process. The httpd image_check function relies on CRC values for both the firmware header and image, so a crafted image with matching CRCs passes verification. Exploitation requires crafting colliding CRC values and reaching the firmware-update path; a successful update executes attacker-controlled code or interrupts router service.
Summary
What happened
Firmware integrity bypass in Tenda AX9 22.03.01.46 allows remote attackers to install modified firmware through the update process. The httpd image_check function relies on CRC values for both the firmware header and image, so a crafted image with matching CRCs passes verification. Exploitation requires crafting colliding CRC values and reaching the firmware-update path; a successful update executes attacker-controlled code or interrupts router service.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-14636
- Published
- Dec 13, 2025
- Updated
- Dec 13, 2025
- Vendor
- Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd.
- Product
- AX9
- Classifications
- CWE-327, CWE-328, T1601.001
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Dec 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Dec 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=22.03.01.46
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- IOTRes AX9 firmware-integrity proof of conceptproof of concept · unverified
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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