CVE-2025-1388Network attack vector

Authenticated code execution via arbitrary file upload

Published Feb 17, 2025 · Updated Feb 18, 2025

Arbitrary file upload in Learning Digital Orca HCM before 11.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute web shells. The published advisory does not identify the upload endpoint or specify which server-side validation permits executable files. Regular user privileges are required; a successful upload provides command execution through the web server.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability0.52%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Arbitrary file upload in Learning Digital Orca HCM before 11.0 allows remote authenticated users to execute web shells. The published advisory does not identify the upload endpoint or specify which server-side validation permits executable files. Regular user privileges are required; a successful upload provides command execution through the web server.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-1388
Published
Feb 17, 2025
Updated
Feb 18, 2025
Vendor
Learning Digital
Product
Orca HCM
Classifications
CWE-434, T1505.003
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 17, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <11.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Learning Digital · Orca HCMversion=0 <11.0

Published CVSS scores

8.8TWCERT/CCCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
T1505.003Server Software Component: Web Shell

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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