CVE-2025-13877Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated administrator impersonation via default JWT secret

Published Dec 2, 2025 · Updated Dec 2, 2025

Authentication bypass in NocoBase 1.9.0 through 1.9.21 and 2.0.0-alpha.1 through 2.0.0-alpha.51 allows remote attackers to forge JWTs. The official one-click Docker configuration supplied a public default APP_KEY value that the JWT service used to sign and verify tokens instead of requiring a deployment-unique secret. The affected ranges also include 1.9.0-beta.17 and earlier; only Docker deployments retaining the default key are exposed, and a token for a known userId receives that user's permissions, including administrator access.

CVSS severity5.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in NocoBase 1.9.0 through 1.9.21 and 2.0.0-alpha.1 through 2.0.0-alpha.51 allows remote attackers to forge JWTs. The official one-click Docker configuration supplied a public default APP_KEY value that the JWT service used to sign and verify tokens instead of requiring a deployment-unique secret. The affected ranges also include 1.9.0-beta.17 and earlier; only Docker deployments retaining the default key are exposed, and a token for a known userId receives that user's permissions, including administrator access.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-13877
Published
Dec 2, 2025
Updated
Dec 2, 2025
Vendor
NocoBase
Product
NocoBase
Classifications
CWE-320, CWE-321, T1606
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 2, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 2, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.9.0
  2. Affected versionversion=1.9.1
  3. Affected versionversion=1.9.2
  4. Affected versionversion=1.9.3
  5. Affected versionversion=1.9.4
  6. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.0
  7. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.1
  8. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.10
  9. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.11
  10. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.12
  11. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.13
  12. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.14
  13. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.15
  14. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.16
  15. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.17
  16. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.18
  17. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.19
  18. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.2
  19. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.20
  20. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.21
  21. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.22
  22. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.23
  23. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.24
  24. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.25
  25. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.26
  26. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.27
  27. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.28
  28. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.29
  29. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.3
  30. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.30
  31. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.31
  32. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.32
  33. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.33
  34. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.34
  35. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.35
  36. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.36
  37. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.37
  38. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.4
  39. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.5
  40. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.6
  41. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.7
  42. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.8
  43. Affected versionversion=2.0.0-alpha.9

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

NocoBase · NocoBaseversion=1.9.0; version=1.9.1; version=1.9.2; version=1.9.3; version=1.9.4; version=2.0.0-alpha.0; version=2.0.0-alpha.1; version=2.0.0-alpha.10; version=2.0.0-alpha.11; version=2.0.0-alpha.12; version=2.0.0-alpha.13; version=2.0.0-alpha.14; version=2.0.0-alpha.15; version=2.0.0-alpha.16; version=2.0.0-alpha.17; version=2.0.0-alpha.18; version=2.0.0-alpha.19; version=2.0.0-alpha.2; version=2.0.0-alpha.20; version=2.0.0-alpha.21; version=2.0.0-alpha.22; version=2.0.0-alpha.23; version=2.0.0-alpha.24; version=2.0.0-alpha.25; version=2.0.0-alpha.26; version=2.0.0-alpha.27; version=2.0.0-alpha.28; version=2.0.0-alpha.29; version=2.0.0-alpha.3; version=2.0.0-alpha.30; version=2.0.0-alpha.31; version=2.0.0-alpha.32; version=2.0.0-alpha.33; version=2.0.0-alpha.34; version=2.0.0-alpha.35; version=2.0.0-alpha.36; version=2.0.0-alpha.37; version=2.0.0-alpha.4; version=2.0.0-alpha.5; version=2.0.0-alpha.6; version=2.0.0-alpha.7; version=2.0.0-alpha.8; version=2.0.0-alpha.9

Published CVSS scores

5.1VulDBAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
2.9VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.6VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-320Key Management Errors
CWE-321Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key
T1606Forge Web Credentials

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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