CVE-2025-12946

Command execution via manipulated Speedtest DNS responses

Published Dec 9, 2025 · Updated Feb 26, 2026

Command injection in affected NETGEAR Nighthawk router firmware allows WAN-side attackers to execute commands through the Speedtest feature. The feature insufficiently validates data obtained after DNS resolution, allowing forged WAN-side DNS responses to supply command-bearing input. Exploitation requires an attacker-in-the-middle on the WAN path and a running Speedtest, after which injected commands execute on the router.

CVSS severity4.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.29%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Command injection in affected NETGEAR Nighthawk router firmware allows WAN-side attackers to execute commands through the Speedtest feature. The feature insufficiently validates data obtained after DNS resolution, allowing forged WAN-side DNS responses to supply command-bearing input. Exploitation requires an attacker-in-the-middle on the WAN path and a running Speedtest, after which injected commands execute on the router.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12946
Published
Dec 9, 2025
Updated
Feb 26, 2026
Vendor
NETGEAR
Product
RAX35v2
Classifications
CWE-20, T1557
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 9, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 26, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <V1.0.17.142

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

NETGEAR · RAX35v2version=0 <V1.0.17.142
NETGEAR · MS90version=0 <V1.0.2.46
NETGEAR · RAX42version=0 <V1.0.17.142
NETGEAR · RAX42v2version=0 <V1.1.6.36
NETGEAR · RAX54Sv2version=0 <V1.1.6.36
NETGEAR · RAXE500version=0 <V1.2.14.114
NETGEAR · RAX41v2version=0 <V1.1.6.36
NETGEAR · RAX43version=0 <V1.0.17.142
NETGEAR · RAXE450version=0 <V1.2.14.114
NETGEAR · RS700version=0 <=1.0.7.82
NETGEAR · RAX50v2version=0 <V1.1.6.36
NETGEAR · RAX43v2version=0 <V1.1.6.36
NETGEAR · RAX49Sversion=0 <V1.1.6.36
NETGEAR · RAX41version=0 <V1.0.17.142
NETGEAR · RAX50version=0 <V1.2.14.114
NETGEAR · RAX45version=0 <V1.0.17.142
NETGEAR · MR90version=0 <V1.0.2.46

Published CVSS scores

4.4NETGEARCVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo