CVE-2025-12762Public exploitNetwork attack vectorHinoki check available

Authenticated command execution via PLAIN restore meta-commands

Published Nov 13, 2025 · Updated Nov 13, 2025

Code injection in the restore component of pgAdmin 4 9.9 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute commands on the host. The use_sql_utility path passes an uploaded PLAIN SQL file to psql without rejecting backslash meta-commands such as !, causing psql to invoke the host shell. Exploitation requires a pgAdmin account with restore access, and commands run with the operating-system privileges of the pgAdmin service.

CVSS severity9.1
Critical
EPSS probability12.66%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkAvailable
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Code injection in the restore component of pgAdmin 4 9.9 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute commands on the host. The use_sql_utility path passes an uploaded PLAIN SQL file to psql without rejecting backslash meta-commands such as !, causing psql to invoke the host shell. Exploitation requires a pgAdmin account with restore access, and commands run with the operating-system privileges of the pgAdmin service.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12762
Published
Nov 13, 2025
Updated
Nov 13, 2025
Vendor
pgAdmin Development Team
Product
pgAdmin 4
Classifications
CWE-94, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 13, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 13, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=9.9

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

pgAdmin Development Team · pgAdmin 4version=0 <=9.9

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.1PostgreSQLCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo