Account impersonation via pre-MFA cookie replay
Published Nov 6, 2025 · Updated Nov 6, 2025
Improper privilege management in Devolutions Server allows remote authenticated users to impersonate accounts by replaying pre-MFA cookies. The pre-MFA cookie handler accepts another account’s replayed preliminary cookie and changes the authenticated identity before that account’s MFA check. A low-privileged account and possession of the target’s pre-MFA cookie are required, and the target account’s MFA verification still blocks full access.
Summary
What happened
Improper privilege management in Devolutions Server allows remote authenticated users to impersonate accounts by replaying pre-MFA cookies. The pre-MFA cookie handler accepts another account’s replayed preliminary cookie and changes the authenticated identity before that account’s MFA check. A low-privileged account and possession of the target’s pre-MFA cookie are required, and the target account’s MFA verification still blocks full access.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2025-12485
- Published
- Nov 6, 2025
- Updated
- Nov 6, 2025
- Vendor
- Ironman Software
- Product
- Devolutions Server
- Classifications
- CWE-269, T1550.004
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Nov 6, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Nov 6, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=0 <=2025.3.5.0
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
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Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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