CVE-2025-12420Network attack vector

Unauthenticated user impersonation

Published Jan 12, 2026 · Updated Jan 12, 2026

Authentication bypass in ServiceNow Now Assist AI agents and Virtual Agent API allows remote attackers to impersonate platform users. ServiceNow has not published the affected request path or the operation that accepts an unauthenticated identity as another user's session. No credentials or user interaction are required; resulting access is bounded by the permissions of the impersonated user.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability49.06%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Authentication bypass in ServiceNow Now Assist AI agents and Virtual Agent API allows remote attackers to impersonate platform users. ServiceNow has not published the affected request path or the operation that accepts an unauthenticated identity as another user's session. No credentials or user interaction are required; resulting access is bounded by the permissions of the impersonated user.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12420
Published
Jan 12, 2026
Updated
Jan 12, 2026
Vendor
ServiceNow
Product
Now Assist AI agents
Classifications
CWE-250
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 12, 2026CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 12, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.0.26 <=5.1.17

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

ServiceNow · Now Assist AI agentsversion=5.0.26 <=5.1.17
ServiceNow · Virtual Agent APIversion=0 <3.15.2; version=0 <4.0.4

Published CVSS scores

9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3ServiceNowCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-250Execution with Unnecessary Privileges

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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