CVE-2025-12295Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Forged firmware installation via hard-coded magic and MD5

Published Oct 27, 2025 · Updated Oct 27, 2025

Improper firmware signature verification in D-Link DAP-2695 2.00RC13 allows remote authenticated users to install forged firmware. The rgbin sub_40C6B8 routine accepts a disclosed hard-coded magic value, while sub_40C51C verifies the image with forgeable MD5. Administrative firmware-update access and a crafted image are required; successful bypass permits attacker-controlled firmware to run on the access point.

CVSS severity6.6
Medium
EPSS probability0.41%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper firmware signature verification in D-Link DAP-2695 2.00RC13 allows remote authenticated users to install forged firmware. The rgbin sub_40C6B8 routine accepts a disclosed hard-coded magic value, while sub_40C51C verifies the image with forgeable MD5. Administrative firmware-update access and a crafted image are required; successful bypass permits attacker-controlled firmware to run on the access point.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12295
Published
Oct 27, 2025
Updated
Oct 27, 2025
Vendor
D-Link
Product
DAP-2695
Classifications
CWE-347, CWE-345, T1601
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.00RC13

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

D-Link · DAP-2695version=2.00RC13

Published CVSS scores

6.6VulDB CNACVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
8.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.8VulDB CNAAV:N/AC:H/Au:M/C:C/I:C/A:C
6.6VulDB CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
CWE-345Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
T1601Modify System Image

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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