CVE-2025-12291Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated file write via unrestricted product upload

Published Oct 27, 2025 · Updated Oct 27, 2025

Unrestricted file upload in Muzuro Ecommerce System 1.0 and 1.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to write files via Add Product. The /admin/index.php?add_product handler accepts a client-supplied product image and stores it without restricting dangerous file types. Administrative access to Add Product is required; public evidence does not establish uploaded-file execution, so the grounded consequence is an unauthorized server-side file write.

CVSS severity4.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Unrestricted file upload in Muzuro Ecommerce System 1.0 and 1.1.0 allows remote authenticated users to write files via Add Product. The /admin/index.php?add_product handler accepts a client-supplied product image and stores it without restricting dangerous file types. Administrative access to Add Product is required; public evidence does not establish uploaded-file execution, so the grounded consequence is an unauthorized server-side file write.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12291
Published
Oct 27, 2025
Updated
Oct 27, 2025
Vendor
Ashley Muzuro
Product
Muzuro Ecommerce System
Classifications
CWE-434, CWE-284, T1105
Attack vector
network
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0
  2. Affected versionversion=1.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Ashley Muzuro · Muzuro Ecommerce Systemversion=1.0; version=1.1.0

Published CVSS scores

4.7VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
5.8VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:M/C:P/I:P/A:P
2.0VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-434Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CWE-284Improper Access Control
T1105Ingress Tool Transfer

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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