CVE-2025-12258Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated memory corruption via unchecked opmode retrieval

Published Oct 27, 2025 · Updated Oct 27, 2025

Stack-based buffer overflow in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 allows remote authenticated users to corrupt process memory. The setOpModeCfg handler stores the opmode POST value as opmode_custom without a length limit, then retrieves it into a stack buffer without bounds checking. A valid management session is required; the published proof of concept documents the trigger but does not establish code execution.

CVSS severity8.7
High
EPSS probability0.94%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stack-based buffer overflow in TOTOLINK A3300R 17.0.0cu.557_B20221024 allows remote authenticated users to corrupt process memory. The setOpModeCfg handler stores the opmode POST value as opmode_custom without a length limit, then retrieves it into a stack buffer without bounds checking. A valid management session is required; the published proof of concept documents the trigger but does not establish code execution.

The record

CVE
CVE-2025-12258
Published
Oct 27, 2025
Updated
Oct 27, 2025
Vendor
TOTOLINK
Product
A3300R
Classifications
CWE-121, CWE-119, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Oct 27, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=17.0.0cu.557_B20221024

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

TOTOLINK · A3300Rversion=17.0.0cu.557_B20221024

Published CVSS scores

8.8VulDBCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.7VulDBCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
9.0VulDBAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-121Stack-based Buffer Overflow
CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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